[20] The letters were a principal source for Justus Lipsius for the development of his Neostoicism towards the end of the 16th-century.[20]. With an English translation by Richard M. Gummere [12] Such maxims are typically drawn from Epicurus, but Seneca regards this as a beginner's technique. Lucilius was the Governor of Sicily at the time, but he is only known through Seneca's writings. Regardless of how Seneca and Lucilius actually corresponded, it is clear that Seneca crafted the letters with a broad reader


First was Seneca's habit of mixing personas in the work, running objections and refutations of objections together in a way that Erasmus found not illuminating but obfuscatory. [10] Even if both writers had access to the imperial mail service, a letter from central Italy to Sicily would have taken four to eight days to travel. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was legally published within the United States (or the United Nations Headquarters in New York subject to Section 7 of the United States Headquarters Agreement) before 1964, and copyright was not renewed. The letters are like a diary, or a handbook, of Stoic philosophy. In these letters, Seneca gives Lucilius advice on how to become a more devoted Stoic. Works published in 1925 would have had to renew their copyright in either 1952 or 1953, i.e. Ad Lucilium epistulae morales. Scholars generally agree that the letters are arranged in the order in which Seneca wrote them.

[5], Collectively the letters constitute Seneca's longest work.

His father was Seneca the Elder, his elder brother was Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus, and his nephew was the poet Lucan. All letters start "Seneca Lucilio suo salutem" (Seneca greets his Lucilius) and end with "Vale" (Farewell). [19] They began to be widely circulated together from the twelfth-century onwards. As an example, there is a mix of different vocabulary, incorporating technical terms (in fields such as medicine, law and navigation) as well as colloquial terms and philosophical ones. [17] In letter 33 he stresses that the student must begin to make well-reasoned judgements independently.

[2] Letter 18 was written in December, in the run-up to the Saturnalia. There have been many selected and abridged translations of Seneca's letters.

[16] He emphasizes the Stoic theme that virtue is the only true good and vice the only true evil. Although they deal with Seneca's personal style of Stoic philosophy, they also give us valuable insights into daily life in ancient Rome. The Letters were probably written in the last three years of Seneca's life, during the years 62 to 64 AD.

Thirdly, Erasmus felt that the letters were more disguised essays than a real correspondence: "one misses in Seneca that quality that lends other letters their greatest charm, that is that they are a true reflection of a real situation". The Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, also known as the Moral Epistles and Letters from a Stoic, is a collection of 124 letters that Seneca the Younger wrote at the end of his life, during his retirement, after he had worked for the Emperor Nero for more than ten years.
moral letters vol ii by lucius [13] In one letter (letter 7), for instance, Seneca begins by discussing a chance visit to an arena where a gladiatorial combat to the death is being held; Seneca then questions the morality and ethics of such a spectacle, in what is the first record (to our current knowledge) of a pre-Christian writer bringing up such a debate on that particular matter. [1] In letter 8, Seneca alludes to his retirement from public life, which is thought (by reference to Tacitus Annals xiv. The result is like a diary, or handbook of philosophical meditations. 4 B.C.-65 A.D. ... B/W PDF download.

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